Unicorns and Warriors
Unicorns have been connected with three famous warriors—Julius Caesar, Alexander the Great, and Genghis Khan.
Julius Caesar
In his account of the conquest of Gaul, Caesar wrote about various
strange creatures said to inhabit the Hercynian Forest in Germany.
Included among these was "An ox shaped like a stag from the middle of
whose forehead, between the ears, stands forth a single horn, taller and
straighter than the horns we know."
Alexander the Great
It is said that Alexander rode a Karkadann—the famous Bucephalus,
described as having the body of a horse and the head of a lion. This was
a creature Alexander had first encountered when he was about 13 years
old. It had been presented for sale to his father, King Philip of
Macedonia. However, it lashed out so furiously at every attempt to mount
it that Philip's champion riders soon gave up. The animal was about to
be led away as totally useless and intractable. But Alexander protested,
claiming he could ride it. His father, thinking to teach him a little
humility, allowed Alexander to try on the condition that if he failed,
he would have to pay the entire cost of the beast (13 talents). And he
told Alexander that if he succeeded in taming it, he would give it to
him as a gift. Alexander was able to tame the unicorn by approaching it
as an animal who could only be ridden with its own consent, not a horse
whose will needed to be broken. It is said that after Alexander
successfully rode the unicorn, the king shed tears of joy and pride and
said to Alexander: "Oh my son, look out for a kingdom equal and worthy
of you, for Macedonia is too small to contain you."
Many think Bucephalus was only a horse, but others claim he was
actually a Karkadann or unicorn. Reportedly, Alexander spoke softly to
him, stroked him and leaned against him. The Karkadann was fearless
against demons and allowed Alexander to tame griffins. Bucephalus
remained with Alexander almost to the end of both their lives and was
ridden by him into every major battle during his conquest of Egypt and
the Persian Empire. Legend and history agree that Bucephalus died during
Alexander's last great battle with King Porus of India. Only the cause
of his death is disputed, whether it was from wounds, old age or simple
exhaustion. His death marked a change in Alexander's fortunes--his
legendary luck deserted him and his character, which had already begun
to show signs of instability, took a rapid turn for the worse. He won
the battle against King Porus, but only barely. His army refused to go
any further and Alexander was forced to turn back. He decided to explore
the coast along the way, leading to thousands of his troops perishing
as they crossed the Makran Desert in what is now southern Pakistan. The
number of soldiers who died during this trek has been estimated at
80,000. While Alexander faced all hardships on equal terms with his men,
the high death toll undermined his support. Back home in the heart of
his Persian Empire, Alexander first began working on restoring order. He
then started planning an expedition to circle Africa to the gates of
the Mediterranean Sea. According to the Royal Diaries, following a
celebratory banquet, Alexander became ill with some type of fever. It
didn't seem all that serious at first, but after twelve days of steady
deterioration, he died at the young age of 32. The exact cause of his
death is still a mystery; some believe he may even have been murdered.
After all his exploits and risks, it was a rather ignoble death for the
man who'd conquered so much of the known world during his lifetime.
Genghis Khan
Genghis Khan was one of the most powerful rulers of China. He
acquired an empire which stretched from Korea to Persia. His father was
especially important in his life. Kahn's quest for power grew even
stronger after his father's death. Many believe Kahn was trying to
fulfill a promise he made to his father. Before each battle, he would
ask for his father's guidance in the task ahead. In 1224, Kahn's army
marched toward India. No one was able to stop him as his armies
conquered town after town and marched over mountain after mountain,
moving ever closer to his next great victory. Finally they reached the
last mountain - he was ready to conquer India. Kahn arose before sunrise
and climbed to the top of the mountain to plan for the coming battle.
When he reached the top, he stopped in amazement. There was no army to
meet his. There were no soldiers at all. Then from behind a large
boulder stepped a strange beast. It was small, about the size of a young
deer, green, and it had a single horn of red and black protruding from
its forehead. Kahn stood motionless in amazement. What did this mean? He
recognized this beast. It was the Ch'i lin, the unicorn of whom he had
heard many legends and tales. The Ch'i lin walked slowly and silently
toward him and stopped in front of him, its eyes locked on Khan's. Then
the unicorn knelt three times at Khan's feet in a sign of reverence. The
air began to shimmer and a strange fragrance enveloped Khan--a scent he
had not experienced in a very long time. And for the first time in his
life, Khan felt fear. As Khan looked into the unicorn's eyes, they
began to change. Then a strange familiar feeling crept over him. It was a
feeling Khan had felt when his father was alive. As he looked at the
unicorn, he realized the eyes of his father were gazing at him from the
unicorn's eyes. Khan was truly afraid now because it had been nearly 50
years since his father's death. Then he heard his father's voice in his
head, as clear as if his father was standing right next to him. In the
distance Khan could faintly hear the sounds of his army as they grew
restless waiting for the signal to attack. Still he did not move. Then
the air grew clear and still around him, the fragrance he'd always
associated with his father faded and the eyes of the unicorn were its
own again. Slowly Khan turned away from the unicorn and looked down
upon his army gathered below. A hush fell over them as they waited for
Khan to speak. He briefly closed his eyes, and then spoke loud and
clear, his voice touching every ear. "Turn back!" he said. "My father
has warned me not to go on." Turning his back on his army, he looked
once more upon the strange creature before him and tears filled his
eyes. The unicorn lifted its head and was gone. India had been saved
from almost certain conquest by the miraculous intervention of a
unicorn!